Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis/therapy , Cholesterol/blood , Dyslipidemias/therapy , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Biomarkers/blood , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cholesterol Esters/blood , Dyslipidemias/blood , Dyslipidemias/prevention & control , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Fibric Acids/metabolism , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Hypertriglyceridemia/blood , Life Expectancy , Lipoproteins/metabolism , Risk Factors , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
We determined the effect of conjugated equine estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate on calcium content of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in oophorectomized adult New Zealand rabbits submitted to a cholesterol rich diet. Five groups of 10 animals each were studied: G1 = control, G2 = cholesterol diet only, G3 = diet plus conjugated equine estrogen (0.625 mg/day); G4 and G5 = diet, conjugated equine estrogen (0.625 mg/day) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 and 10 mg/day, respectively). Mean weight varied from 2.7 ± 0.27 to 3.1 ± 0.20 kg (P = 0.38) between groups at the beginning and 3.1 ± 0.27 to 3.5 ± 0.20 kg (P = 0.35) at the end of the experiment. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were determined at the time of oophorectomy, 21 days after surgery (time 0), and at the end of follow-up of 90 days. The planimetric method was used to measure plaque and caryometric method for histopathologic examination of the aorta. Calcium content was determined by the method of von Kossa. A similar increase in cholesterol occurred in all treated groups without differences between them at the end of the study. Groups G4 and G5 had smaller areas of atherosclerotic lesions (2.33 ± 2.8 and 2.45 ± 2.1 cm², respectively) than the groups receiving no progestogens (G2: 5.6 ± 4 and G3: 4.6 ± 2.8 cm²; P = 0.02). The relation between lesion area and total aorta area was smaller in groups treated with combined drugs compared to the groups receiving no progesterone (G4: 14.9 ± 13 and G5: 14.2 ± 13.4 vs G2: 35.8 ± 26 and G3: 25 ± 8 cm², respectively; P = 0.017). Oral conjugated equine estrogen (0.625 mg/day) plus medroxyprogesterone acetate (5 or 10 mg/day) provoked a greater reduction in atherosclerotic plaque area and calcium content in treated groups, suggesting a dose-dependent effect.
Subject(s)
Rabbits , Animals , Female , Aorta/chemistry , Arteriosclerosis/metabolism , Calcium/analysis , Diet, Atherogenic , Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)/pharmacology , /pharmacology , Aorta/drug effects , Calcium/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Ovariectomy , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivo - avaliar os efeitos do etofibrato sobre variáveis lipídicas, fibrinogênio e agregaçäo plaquetária. Métodos - foram selecionados 21 portadores de hiperlipidemia primária, associada a fatores de risco para doença coronária, após introduçäo de dieta (AHA fase I) e dias, analisando-se as modificaçöes lipídicas induzidas (colesterol total e fraçöes, triglicérides) e efeitos sobre o fibrinogênio e agregaçäo plaquetária. Resultados - foram observadas reduçöes percentuais significantes das variávs: colesterol total (9,50 por cento), LDL-colesterol (-7,88 por cento), triglicérides (19,07 por cento), colesterol total/HDL-colesterol (-11,90 por cento), LDL-colesterol/HDL-colesterol (-19,20 por cento), fibrinogênio (-12, 79 por cento) agregaçäo plaquetária com adrenalina (-24,02 por cento), com ADP 1 ymol (-30,13 por cento), com ADP 3 ymol (-24,51 por cento). Conclusäo - efietos benéficos do etofibrato foram observados näo somente sobre o perfil lipídico mas, também sobre variáveis de trobogenicidae como o fibrinogênio e a agregaçäo plaquetária.